Course Objectives:
This course is designed to:
To introduce the students to the topics and techniques of discrete methods and combinatorial reasoning To introduce a wide variety of applications. The algorithmic approach to the solution of problems is fundamental in discrete mathematics, and this approach reinforces the close ties between this discipline and the area of computer science
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course student will be able to
Demonstrate skills in solving mathematical problems
Comprehend mathematical principles and logic
Demonstrate knowledge of mathematical modeling and proficiency in using mathematical software
Manipulate and analyze data numerically and/or graphically using appropriate Software
Communicate effectively mathematical ideas/results verbally or in writing
UNIT I Mathematical Logic:
Propositional Calculus: Statements and Notations, Connectives, Well Formed Formulas, Truth Tables, Tautologies, Equivalence of Formulas, Duality Law, Tautological Implications, Normal Forms, Theory of Inference for Statement Calculus, Consistency of Premises, Indirect Method of Proof, Predicate Calculus: Predicates, Predicative Logic, Statement Functions, Variables and Quantifiers, Free and Bound Variables, Inference Theory for Predicate Calculus.
UNIT II Set Theory:
Sets: Operations on Sets, Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion, Relations: Properties, Operations, Partition and Covering, Transitive Closure, Equivalence, Compatibility and Partial Ordering, Hasse Diagrams, Functions: Bijective, Composition, Inverse, Permutation, and Recursive Functions, Lattice and its Properties, Algebraic Structures: Algebraic Systems, Properties, Semi Groups and Monoids, Group, Subgroup and Abelian Group, Homomorphism, Isomorphism.
UNIT III Combinatorics:
Basis of Counting, Permutations, Permutations with Repetitions, Circular and Restricted Permutations, Combinations, Restricted Combinations, Binomial and Multinomial Coefficients and Theorems, Number Theory: Properties of Integers, Division Theorem, Greatest Common Divisor, Euclidean Algorithm, Least Common Multiple, Testing for Prime Numbers, The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, Modular Arithmetic, Fermat’s and Euler’s Theorems
UNIT IV Recurrence Relations:
Generating Functions, Function of Sequences, Partial Fractions, Calculating Coefficient of Generating Functions, Recurrence Relations, Formulation as Recurrence Relations, Solving Recurrence Relations by Substitution and Generating Functions, Method of Characteristic Roots, Solving Inhomogeneous Recurrence Relations
UNIT V Graph Theory:
Basic Concepts, Graph Theory and its Applications, Sub graphs, Graph Representations: Adjacency and Incidence Matrices, Isomorphic Graphs, Paths and Circuits, Eulerian and Hamiltonian Graphs, Multigraphs, Bipartite and Planar Graphs, Euler’s Theorem, Graph Colouring and Covering, Chromatic Number, Spanning Trees, Prim’s and Kruskal’s Algorithms, BFS and DFS Spanning Trees.
Text Books:
1) Discrete Mathematical Structures with Applications to Computer Science, J. P. Tremblay and P. Manohar, Tata McGraw Hill.
2) Elements of Discrete Mathematics-A Computer Oriented Approach, C. L. Liu and D. P. Mohapatra, 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
Reference Books:
1) Discrete Mathematics for Computer Scientists and Mathematicians, J. L. Mott, A. Kandel and T. P. Baker, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of India.
2) Discrete Mathematical Structures, Bernand Kolman, Robert C. Busby and Sharon Cutler Ross, PHI. 3) Discrete Mathematics and its Applications with Combinatorics and Graph Theory, K. H. Rosen, 7th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
e-Resources: