Course Objectives:
The course objectives of Computer Organization are to discuss and make student familiar with the
Principles and the Implementation of Computer Arithmetic
Operation of CPUs including RTL, ALU, Instruction Cycle and Busses
Fundamentals of different Instruction Set Architectures and their relationship to the CPU Design
Memory System and I/O Organization
Principles of Operation of Multiprocessor Systems and Pipelining Course Outcomes: By the end of the course, the student will
Develop a detailed understanding of computer systems
Cite different number systems, binary addition and subtraction, standard, floating-point, and micro operations
Develop a detailed understanding of architecture and functionality of central processing unit
Exemplify in a better way the I/O and memory organization
Illustrate concepts of parallel processing, pipelining and inter processor communication
UNIT I Basic Structure of Computers:
Basic Organization of Computers, Historical Perspective, Bus Structures, Data Representation: Data types, Complements, Fixed Point Representation. Floating, Point Representation. Other Binary Codes, Error Detection Codes. Computer Arithmetic: Addition and Subtraction, Multiplication Algorithms, Division Algorithms.
UNIT II Register Transfer Language and Microoperations:
Register Transfer language. Register Transfer Bus and Memory Transfers, Arithmetic Micro operations, Logic Micro Operations, Shift Micro Operations, Arithmetic Logic Shift Unit. Basic Computer Organization and Design: Instruction Codes, Computer Register, Computer Instructions, Instruction Cycle, Memory – Reference Instructions. Input –Output and Interrupt, Complete Computer Description.
UNIT III Central Processing Unit:
General Register Organization, STACK Organization. Instruction Formats, Addressing Modes, Data Transfer and Manipulation, Program Control, Reduced Instruction Set Computer. Microprogrammed Control: Control Memory, Address Sequencing, Micro Program example, Design of Control Unit.
UNIT IV Memory Organization:
Memory Hierarchy, Main Memory, Auxiliary Memory, Associative Memory, Cache Memory, Virtual Memory. Input-Output Organization: Peripheral Devices, Input-Output Interface, Asynchronous data transfer, Modes of Transfer, Priority Interrupts, Direct Memory Access.
UNIT V Multi Processors:
Introduction, Characteristics of Multiprocessors, Interconnection Structures, Inter Processor Arbitration. Pipeline: Parallel Processing, Pipelining, Instruction Pipeline, RISC Pipeline, Array Processor.
Text Books:
1) Computer System Architecture, M. Morris Mano, Third Edition, Pearson, 2008.
2) Computer Organization, Carl Hamacher, Zvonko Vranesic, Safwat Zaky, 5/e, McGraw Hill, 2002.
Reference Books:
1) Computer Organization and Architecture, William Stallings, 6/e, Pearson, 2006.
2) Structured Computer Organization, Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 4/e, Pearson, 2005.
3) Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Design, Sivarama P. Dandamudi, Springer, 2006.
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